您的位置 首页 > 继续教育

英语作文衔接词汇

英语作文衔接词汇

1.表文章结构顺序:First of all,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second… And then,Finally,In the end,At last 2.表并列补充关系:What is more,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,In addition As well as,not only…but (also), including, 3.表转折对比关系:However,On the contrary,but,Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… 4.表 因 果 关 系:Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,As a result 5.表换一种方式表达:In other words,that is to say, 6.表进行举例说明:For example;For instance;such as+n/doing 7.表 陈 述 事 实:In fact,frankly speaking, 8.表达自己观点:As far as I know/concerned,In my opinion,personally, as to me 9.表总结:In short,In a word,In conclusion,In summary,all in all, briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking, as you know, as is known to all 良好的开端等于成功的一半.在写作文时,通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法.也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求,点出文章的中心思想. A. Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages.(用于说明某物的正反两面) B. Compared to/ In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient.(用于比较/对比 两事物) C.Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside. (人们关于生活在城市还是农村的优缺点的看法不同)(用于表达看法) D. As we all know, computers have played an important role/part in our daily life.(用于说明某物的重要性) E. Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view.(反问语气,更有吸引力,增强说服力)(用法广泛) 文中正确使用两三个好的句型,如:定语从句、状语从句、动名词做主语等. 宾语从句举例:I believe Tianjin will be more beautiful and prosperous. 状语从句举例:If everyone does something for the environment,our hometown will become clean and beautiful. 动名词做主语举例:Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes. =It’s bad for our eyes to read books in the sun.

连接词

(1)表选择关系或对等关系的连接词:either…or…,neither…nor, or, as well as…, and, both…and…。

(2)表因果关系或对等关系的连接词:therefore, so, as a result, as the result of …,because of, due to …,owing to, thanks to等。

(3)表时间顺序的连接词:the moment, as soon as, at first, then, later, meanwhile, at the beginning, in the end, before long, for the first(second…)time, the minute等。

(4)表转折关系的连接词:yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however, at the same time(然而)等。

(5)表解释说明的连接词:that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, and so on, etc. and the like等。

(6)表递进关系的连接词:not only…but (also), what,s more, what's worse, besides, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等。

(7)表示总结的连接词:in a word, on the whole, in short, briefly, in brief, to sum up, in all等。

过渡词的用法

1、表示时间的

af first 起初

next 接下来

then 然后

after that 那以后

later 后来

soon 不久

soon/shortly after ……之后不久

finally 最后

in the end 最后

eventually 最终

at last 终于

lately 近来

recently 最近

since then 自从那时起

after that 那以后

in no time 不一会儿

after a while 一会儿

afterward 后来

to begin/start with=in the first place 首先、第一点

immediately 立即、马上

meanwhile=in the meantime=at the same time 在此期间、同时

earlier, until now 直到现在

suddenly=all of a sudden 突然

as a young man 当…… 是个年轻人的时候

at the age of… 在……岁的时候

as early as 早……的时候

as soon as 一……就……

before, the other day 几天前

early in the morning 大清早

after/before dark 天黑后/前

one day 有一天

one afternoon 一天下午

one morning 一天早晨

2、表示空间的

to the right/left 朝右/左、on the rinht/left 在右/左边、in the middle of、在中间 in front of 在前面

in the front of 在前面、at the back of 在后面、at the bottom of 在底部、on the edge of 在……的边上

on top of 在……的顶部、opposite to 与……相对、close to 靠近、near to 在……附近

next to 与……相邻、under 垂直在下、over 垂直在上、below 在下方、above 在上方、across 在……的另一边、around 在周围、behind 在后、before 在前、against 靠着、抵着、further on 再往前

3、表示列举和时序

first, second, third…finally

firstly, secondly, thirdly…finally

first of all, next then, lastly

for one thing…for another…

at the same time

at first

at last

4、表示列举

for example 例如:……

namely 即……

for instance 例如:……

that is (to say) 也就是说

such as 如……

take…for example 拿……来说

like 像……

5、表示比较或对比

like 像

unlike 不像

similarly 同样地

in the same way 以相同的方式

compared to 与……相比

while 而

still=nevertheless 然而

on the contrary 正相反

different from 与……不同

on (the) one hand…on the other hand 一方面……另一方面

in contrast with 与……成对比

6、表示增补

and 而且

both…and 不但……而且

not only…but also 不但……而且

as well as 不但……而且

also=besides=furthermore=more over 此外、而且

in addition 并且

apart from 除了……之外

what's more 而且、更重要的

for another 另一方面

worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更糟糕的是

including 包括

7、表示因果

because 因为

since 既然

as 由于

now that 既然

therefore 因此

thus 这样

so 所以

as a result (of) 结果

because of=on account of 因为

thanks to 多亏

for this reason 由于这个原因

if so 如果这样

if not 如果不是这样

8、表示目的

for this purpose

in order to do

so as to do

so that…

in order that…

9、表示让步

though/although

no matter+疑问句

in spite of

whatever/however/whoever

even if/ even though

10、表示递进或强调

besides 况且

what's more 更重要地是

thus 这样

above all 首先

indeed 的确

in fact/ as a matter of fact 事实上

in other words 换句话说

in that case 那样的话

or rather 更确切地说

particularly 特别地

11、表示转折

but 但是

still 然而

however 然而

while 而

12、表示总结

in a/one word 简言之、一句话、总之

generally speaking 一般说来

in short=in a few words 简言之

in conclusion=lastly 最后地

on the whole=taking everything into consideration 从总体来看、大体上

so 所以

therefore 因此

thus 这样

as has been mentioned 正如所提到的

it is quite clear that 很显然

there is no doubt that 毫无疑问

it is well-known that 大家都知道

as we all know=as is known

to us all 大家都知道

as/so far as I know 据我所知

to sum up=to summarize=in summary 总之

13、表示转折话题

by the way 顺便说

I am afraid 我恐怕

in my opinion 依我看来

to tell the truth 说实话

to be honest 诚实地说

in face 事实上

英语作文中的衔接和过渡词语有:

1、表起始的过渡语有:

to begin with 开始,according to 根据,so far 迄今,as far as 一直到。

2、表时间的过渡语有:

first 首先,at the same time 同时,for the first time 第一次,while 然而,in the future在未来。

3、表空间的过渡语有:

on the right/ left 在右边/左边,to the right/left of 向右/向左,in the middle/center of 在中间。

英语作文注意事项:

1、要句子通畅。

2、要有出彩的语句,可以挑一些简单一点,好的语句背下来,以后作文可以拼几句上去。

3、要有适当的从句,what从句,where从句,as、if从句等。

4、、要符合题意。不要以为辞藻越华美越好,语法没有错误才是重要的。不过当然用好的词组比不用好。

常用连接词: 1.表文章结构顺序:First of all,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second… And then,Finally,In the end,At last 2.表并列补充关系:What is more,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,In addition As well as,not only…but (also), including, 3.表转折对比关系:However,On the contrary,but,Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… 4.表 因 果 关 系:Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,As a result 5.表换一种方式表达:In other words,that is to say, 6.表进行举例说明:For example;For instance;such as+n/doing 7.表 陈 述 事 实:In fact,frankly speaking, 8.表达自己观点:As far as I know/concerned,In my opinion,personally, as to me 9.表总结:In short,In a word,In conclusion,In summary,all in all, briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking, as you know, as is known to all 良好的开端等于成功的一半.在写作文时,通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法。也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求,点出文章的中心思想。 A. Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages.(用于说明某物的正反两面) B. Compared to/ In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient.(用于比较/对比 两事物) C.Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside. (人们关于生活在城市还是农村的优缺点的看法不同)(用于表达看法) D. As we all know, computers have played an important role/part in our daily life.(用于说明某物的重要性) E. Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view.(反问语气,更有吸引力,增强说服力)(用法广泛) 文中正确使用两三个好的句型,如:定语从句、状语从句、动名词做主语等。 宾语从句举例:I believe Tianjin will be more beautiful and prosperous。 状语从句举例:If everyone does something for the environment,our hometown will become clean and beautiful。 动名词做主语举例:Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes。 =It’s bad for our eyes to read books in the sun。 作文库大全 小升初 中考满分 高考满分 高考零分 定语从句举例:Although I have many different pens,the pen which my father sent me is my favorite one. 常用状语从句句型: 1)时间:when,not…until,as soon as 2)目的:so that+clause(从句);to do(为了) 3)结果:so…that+clause,too…to do(太……以至于……) 4)条件:if,unless(除非),as long as(只要) 5)让步:though,although,even though,even if No matter what/when/where/who/which/how 6)比较:as…as…,not so…as…,than 其他句型: It is said that 据说 It is reported that 据报道 It is suggested that 据建议 It is estimated that 据估计 It is proved that 据证明 It is learned that 据了解 It is acknowledged that 据大家公认 众所周知: as is known to all, +句子 as we all know, +句子 it is generally/ publicly known / considered that… There is no doubt that 毫无疑问… There is no need to do 没必要做… There is no point in doing 做某事毫无意义 表示喜欢和感兴趣:like / love doing /enjoy doing be fond of doing 喜欢做… be keen on n. /doing热衷于做…… have delight in doing. 做……很高兴 prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A也不愿做B be addicted to doing 沉迷于…… prefer doing sth. to doing sth. be interested in doing = show/ take great interest in n / doing fall in love with 深深喜欢做某事 try to do努力做… strive to do 努力做… try one’s best to do = do one’s best to do 竭尽全力做… make efforts to do = make every effort to do 尽力做… do what sb can (do ) to do 尽力做… spare no effort to do 不遗余力的做… do what / everything sb. can to do 尽某人全力做… intend / plan to do 打算做… be going to do 打算做… decide to do 决定做… determine to do 决定做… be determined to do 决定做… make up one’s mind to do 下定决心做… want to do 想做… would like to do 想做… hope to do 希望做… expect to do 期待着做… wish to do 希望做… consider doing 考虑做… look forward to doing 盼望做… keep on doing 坚持做… dream of doing 梦想做…can’t help doing 情不自禁地做… keep / stop / prevent sb. from doing 阻止某人做… be busy (in ) doing 或be busy with + 名词 忙于做… have trouble / have problem / have difficulty (in) doing 或 with + 名词 做…有困难 spend time / money (in )doing 或spend time / money on + 名词 花费时间做… have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself doing 玩得开心 get used to/ be accustomed to doing 习惯做某事

英语作文衔接词汇高级

可以按照段落,记忆标识词:第一部分:currently, nowadays。第二部分:first things first, secondly, then, however, as a result because, moreover, in additipn等。结尾:Therefore, so, all in all, to sum up。

在英语考试中,作文是很重要的一部分,运用一些比较高级的过渡词和句式可以让作文更有亮点,获得更高的分数,那么英语作文高级过渡词有哪些呢?一起来看吧!

1、英语作文高级过渡词中表示开始

so far、to begin with、according to、as far as.

2、英语作文高级过渡词中表时间

first/firstly、the next moment、in the meantime、at the same time、at present、for the first time、ever since、while、shortly after、nowadays、before long、in the future.

3、英语作文高级过渡词中表空间

in the middle/ center of、on the right/ left、to the right/ left of、on one side of… on the other side of …、at the foot/ top/ end of.

4、英语作文高级过渡词中表因果

thanks to、thus、therefore、as a result(of…)、with the help of…、owe …to…

5、英语作文高级过渡词中表转折

for one thing …for another、on the contrary/contrary to …、though、on the contrary、except for、in spite of、otherwise、after all、in fact.

6、英语作文高级过渡词中表例证和列举

that is to say、such as、as a matter of fact、as follows、namely、for instance、take…as an example、that is、like、in other words、and so on.

7、英语作文高级过渡词中表并列

as well as、not only…but (also)、including.

8、英语作文高级过渡词中表推进

what’s more、further more、...one the other hand...、in addition to、moreover、worse still、to make matters worse、on one hand、but for.

9、英语作文高级过渡词中表强调

especially、indeed、at the most、What in the world/on earth.. 、at least、not at all.

10、英语作文高级过渡词中表总结用语

In summary、briefly/ in brief 、in a word、as you know、as is known to all、generally speaking.

开头常用短语

It's said that... 据说……

As we all know that... 我们都知道……

It's well known that... 众所周知……

As/So far as I know... 据我所知……

It is clear/obvious that... ……是显而易见的

表“并列补充”

also/too/as well 也;同样;而且

both...and... ……和……

either...or... 要么……要么……

neither...nor... 既不……也不……

not only...but also... 不但……而且……

besides 除此之外

moreover 另外;此外

in addition/additionally 加之;除……之外

by the way 顺便;顺便说

what's more 更重要的是;而且;此外

what's worse 更糟的是

as well as... 也;又;和;及

表“转折对比”

but 但是;而是

however 然而;不过

while 然而

instead 反而

otherwise/or else 否则;不然

on the contrary/in contrast 相反地

in any case/at any rate 无论如何

some...while others... 一些人……另一些人……

on one hand...on the other hand... 一方面……另一方面……

表“因果关系”

because 因为

since 因为;既然

because of 因为

thanks to 多亏了

now that 既然;由于

for this reason 由于这个原因

so 因而;这样;如此

thus 因此

therefore 因此

as a result 结果;因此

so/such...that... 如此……以至于……

in order to/so that... 为了……

表“举例说明”

like 像;如同

such as 例如;像……这样

for example/instance 例如;比如

表 “特别强调”

especially 尤其;特别

particularly 特别是

certainly/surely 当然

indeed 确实;的确

obviously 显而易见

no doubt/without any doubt 毫无疑问

表“陈述事实/观点”

to be honest/to tell you the truth 说实话

actually/in fact/as a matter of fact 事实上

I think... 依我看……

in my opinion 在我看来

as far as I know 据我所知

I'm afraid... 我恐怕……

I hope... 我希望……

表“总结”

in a/one word 总而言之;简言之

in general 一般而言;总的来说

in short/brief 简而言之;总之

all in all 总的来说;大体而言

in summary 总之;概括来说

generally speaking 一般来说

above all 最重要;首先

after all 毕竟;终究

from the above 综上所述

一般常用的first of all或者用副词形式firstly,其次可以用in addition,最后一般用last but not the least。

1、首先

in the first place;

first of all;

above all;

for one thing;

2、其次

the next;

secondly;

in the next place;

3、再次

once again;

newly;

for the second time;

4、最后

ultimate;

finally;

in the end。

英语作文写作技巧与方法

一、明确作文要求,提高写作能力

一篇好的作文,要有一个主题思想,整篇作文应该是紧扣文章主题,遵循特定的文体格式,选用恰当的语言合理组织文章结构,内容统一、连贯,语法、拼写、标点正确,用词恰当。

二、摆脱无话可说练习“三段式”思维

当头脑出现空白时,应该从具体的、细小的、琐碎的、微不足道的`事物所引发的思考变成观点,再进行论述。例如,领导讲话总是第一部分、第二部分、第三部分…这样条理比较清楚。

三、用词准确保证语言连贯

写英语作文时最忌讳的是用一些模棱两可的词,表达不够准确,而且考试时要特别注意语法、词语、语气、标点符号等,避免单词拼写错误、语法错误,不要为了追求词语的华丽而堆积一些自己也没把握的单词,不要刻意追求长句而写一些自己不知对错的有多个从句组成的长句。

英语着衔接词汇

英语作文里面的衔接跟过度词语主要就是有以下这些词语。

在词语方面相关应用的话就是therefore。Therefore主要表达的就是因此,并且在解释原因或者是接下来的内容的时候,就可以用therefore这个词语,然后相关的短语就有in conclusion。在这个词语的话,就是总之最后这样子的一个意思,可以放在最后的总结里面。

然后除了这一个词语和一个短语之外,还有就是To Begin with。这个短语的话主要就是用在文章的段落,其实这样子的一个位置,也可以作为一个段落衔接的作用,并且在最开始的时候就可以用到。

然后在最开始可以用到的短语,还有first of all。以及in the first place然后最后总结的一个短语,还有就是generally speaking。这是总体上来讲的一个意思,所以说英语作文中的衔接跟过度词语主要就是有这些。

英语中的衔接词是用于衔接主从句之间、句与句之间、段落之间的词或者短语。衔接词包括连词、连接性副词和部分介词。学会这些衔接词可以使英语句子衔接自然,表示转折的:but,however,neverthless,nonetheless, yet, although等。表示对比或选择的衔接词,whereas, while, rather than, in contrast, on the contrary, on the other hand, or, whether...or, either...or, otherwise, instead of等。

连接词的意义分类表递进moreover, in addition, what is morel furthermore, also, then, besides, etc.表转折however, nevertheless, on the other hand, on the contrary, etc.表层次on the one hand, ... on the other hand; first, ... second, ... finally;表强调firstly, ... secondly, ... finally ...; first, ... then ... etc.表强调in fact, indeed, actually, as a matter of fact, obviously, apparently,表结果evidently, first of all, undoubtedly, without any shadow of doubt, etc.表结尾therefore, as a result, then, consequently, accordingly, thus, etc.表例举in a word, in conclusion, therefore, in short, to sum up, etc.表强调still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially. Obviously, clearly.表比较like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.表对比by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.表列举for example, for instance, such as, take ...for example. Except (for), to illustrate.表时间later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while. first after a few days eventually at that time in the meantime meanwhile afterward from then on 表顺序first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.表可能presumably, probably, perhaps.表解释in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.表递进What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.表让步although, after all, in spite of..., despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.表转折however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on theother hand, unfortunately. whereas表原因for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.表结果as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.表总结on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.其他类型连接词Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case,表空间near to far from in the front of beside behind to the right to the left on the other side of 表举例 for example to name a few, say , such as 表递进in addition furthermore what’s more what’s worse 表对比whereas while as opposed to by contrast by comparison 表示时间与频率的词汇:in general, every, some, after, on the whole, usually, most, at other times, in most cases, frequently, main, finally, as a rule, rarely, before, meanwhile.

一、表逻辑上的先后顺序(expressions enumerating or stressing facts)

1) 首先first,firstly,in the first place,in the first instance,to begin with

2) 其次secondly,in the second place

3) 最后,最重要的是at last,finally,last,lastly,most importantly

4) 最后但并非最不重要的(一点)是,最后要说的是last but not least

二、表递进关系(addition expressions)

1) (副词)也;而且,还also,too,besides

2) (并列连接词)而且and

3) 此外in addition to,apart from

4) 此外furthermore,what’s more

5) 不仅……而且……not only…but also…

6) 既……又……,也both…and…,as well as

三、表转折或比较关系(expressions of contrast or comparison)

1) (并列连接词)但是but

2) (副词)然而(and)yet,while,whereas

3) (副词)然而nevertheless,however

4) (从属连接词)尽管,虽然though,although

5) 相反,正相反,恰恰相反to the contrary,on the contrary,quite the contrary

6) 与……形成对比,与……截然不同in contrast with/to

7) 相反(but)rather

8) 反而,代替,而不是instead,instead of

9) 毕竟after all

10) 同样地equally,likewise,similarly

四、表例证关系(exemplification expressions)

1) 也就是说namely,that is,that is to say

2) 例如for example,for instance

3) 举例来说to illustrate

4) 例如such as

5) 以……为例(来说)take…as an example

五、表因果关系(cause and effect expressions)

1) (后接表原因的从句)因为because

2) (后接表原因的并列分句)因为for

3) 因为……because of…,,owing to…,on account of…

4) 因为这个那个,这些那些原因for this(that,these,those)reason(s)

5) (从句1)为了……in order that

6) (副词)因此,所以thus,hence,therefore

7) 那么then

8) 结果(是)as a result;so that(后接表结果的从句)

9) 因此,结果(是)consequently

10) 因此,相应地(就)accordingly

六、表观点(viewpoint expressions)

1) 在我看来in my opinion,in my view

2) 我本人认为,我个人的看法是personally,as far as I'm concerned

3) 我认为I think(that从句),as a rule

4) 一般来说generally(speaking),in general

5) 坦率地说frankly speaking,to be frank

七、表强调(expressions stressing facts or adding force)

1) 显而易见obviously,apparently,clearly,certainly

2) 肯定地,当然surely,to be sure,of course

3) 事实上,实际上,真正地actually,as a matter of fact,indeed

4) 自然地naturally

5) 毫无疑问no doubt,undoubtedly

八、表时间关系(expressions of time references)

1) 首先first

2) 起初at first

3) 然后,后来,在那之后,随后then,later,after that,afterwards,consequently

4) 同时,与此同时at the same time,in the meantime,meanwhile

5) 最后finally,at last

6) 最终,最后eventually,ultimately

7) 就在那以后(不久)just then,shortly after that,immediately after that

8) 不久,很快before long,soon

9) 从那以后from then on

10) 从现在起from now on

11) 暂时,暂且for the time being

12) 在以后/未来的日子里in the days to come

13) 在下星期/月in the coming week/month

九、表空间位置(space expressions)

1) 在……的左/右边on the left/right of...

2) 在……(的)旁边besides…

3) 在……的前边in front of

4) 在……(内部的)前面in the front of

5) 在……的顶部at the top of

6) 在……的底部at the bottom of

7) 在……里面;在室内inside…,indoors

8) 在……外面;在室外outside,outdoors

9) 在附近nearby

10) 在……附近,在……隔壁,靠近……next to

十、表总结(summary expressions)

1) 简而言之allin all,in brief,in short

2) 总的说来,总之in conclusion,to sum up,to conclude,to summarize

3) 总之,一句话in a word,in one word

4) 长话短说,简而言之to make/cut a long story short

5) 最后(要讲的是)finally,ultimately

6) 从根本上来讲essentially

1.表文章结构顺序

First of all,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second…,And then,Finally,In the end,At last

2.表并列补充关系

What is more,Besides,Moreover

3.表因果关系

Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,As a result

4.表换一种方式表达

In other words,That is to say

5.表进行举例说明

For example+句子,For instance+句子,such as+n/doing

6.表陈述事实

In fact,as a matter of fact

7.表达自己观点

As far as I know,In my opinion

8.表总结

In short(总之), In a word(总之)

furthermore 此外;而且

in addition 此外;而且

in other words 换句话说

not…but… 不是……而是……

rather than… 而不是

whether…or not 无论是否......

in contrast 相反;大不相同

in contrast to 与……形成对照

in the same way 同样地

though/although 尽管 no doubt 无疑地

in/by contrast 对比之下 on the contrary 相反地

even though即使 otherwise 否则

still 仍然 unfortunately 不幸地

in fact 事实上 unlike 不像……;和……不同

as a matter of fact 事实上 yet仍;然而;但是

especially 特别地

根据意思和作用的不同,过渡词可以分为以下十五类:

(1)表并列关系的过渡词: and, also, as well, as well as, or, too, not only…but also, both … and, either … or, neither…nor

(2)表递进关系的过渡词: besides, in addition(加之,除……之外), moreover(此外,而且), what’s more, what’s worse

(3)表转折对比的过渡词: but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, here…there, years ago…today, this…that, the former…the latter, then…now, the first… whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand…on the other hand, some…others

(4)表原因的过渡词: because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, due to(由于)

(5)表结果的过渡词: so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that, then, thereby, hence, so…that, such…that

(6)表条件的过渡词: if, unless, on condition that, as/so long as

(7)表时间的过渡词: when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning / year / century, after a while, in a few days, now, presently, finally, at last, all of a sudden, from now on, at present, immediately, the moment

(8)表特定的顺序关系的过渡词: first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, then, next, finally, in the end, at last, afterward(s)(后来), meanwhile(几乎同时), thereafter(在那以后), last, finally, eventually(终于)

(9)表换一种方式表达的过渡词: in other words, that is to say, to put it another way

(10)表进行举例说明的`过渡词: for instance, for example, like, such as

(11)表陈述事实的过渡词: in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth

(12)表强调的过渡词: certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important, in fact, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously

(13)表比较的过渡词: like, unlike, in the same way, similarly, similar to

(14)表目的的过渡词: for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to

(15)表总结的过渡词: in a word(总之,简言言之), in general, in short(总之), above all, after all, generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary

文章及段落起始常用的过渡词语

to begin with首先

【例】To begin with, smoking should be banned in public areas.

generally speaking 总体上讲

【例】Generally speaking, the more you practice, the more skillfully you can

write in English.

first of all 第一,首先

【例】First of all, many people in remote areas still live in poverty.

in the first place 首先

【例】In the first place, she can read at the rate of 100 words aminute.

文章及段落结尾常用的过渡词语

therefore, thus因此

【例】Thus, taking morning exercises regularly may reduce the chances of

getting sick.

in conclusion 最后

【例】In conclusion, universities should give larger amount of money to

libraries.

in brief, in a nutshell 简言之

【例】In brief, birth control is of vital importance in China.

to sum up 总而言之

【例】To sum up, out of sight, out of mind.

in a word 总之

【例】In a word, country life is more beneficial than city life.

常用表示先后次序的过渡词语

first 第一 second 第二 next 其次,然后 eventually 最后,最终 since then 自此以后

afterward 以后,随后 meanwhile 同时 therefore 因而 immediately 立刻 finally 最后,最终

【例】Finally, the country must not again go through the war.

常用表示因果关系的过渡词语

accordingly于是 for this reason由于这个原因 as a result of由……结果

in this way这样 consequently结果,因此 due to由于……

therefore因而 because of因为 thus这样

【例】It rained, for this reason, the game was cancelled.

常用表示比较和对比的过渡词语

in contrast with和……成对照 similarly同样 whereas然而 on the contrary相反

different from与……不同 likewise同样 equally important同样重要 on the other

hand另一方面

【例】Different from Jane, Mary is interested in Maths.

常用表示举例的过渡词语

a case in point恰当的例子 for example举例 namely( that is )即,这就是说 for

instance举例

【例】A case in point is the water control project along the Yangtze

River.

有关描写图表的过渡词语

during this time在此期间

【例】During this time, more women took various jobs.

apart from除了……之外

【例】Apart from the figures, the information below the table also suggests

the growth of production.

compared with与……相比较

【例】Compared with the percentage of the base year, it jumped by 15

percent.

from the above table/ chart/ graph根据上图(表)所示

【例】From the above chart, it can be seen that changes do occur in the

society.

常用表示强调的过渡词语

furthermore此外 moreover而且 besides此外 in fact实际上 also而且,也 indeed的确

again另外,还 in particular尤其,特别 naturally当然,自然,必然

【例】Naturally, he denied that he had committed the crime.

逻辑连接词语

second, last but not the least, seeing…先后次序关系

so…, as a result of this, consequently, in consequence原因、结果关系

even though, though, regardless of转折关系

also, as well as, either…or…并列关系

not only…but also…, in order to do it…, accordingly递进关系

when in fact…, similarly, compared with比较关系

on the contrary, contrary to, conversely对比关系

as he explains, like, put it simply, for one thing…for another…举例关系

particularly, to be true, other things being equal强调关系

if so, if possible, provide that条件关系

in brief, in short, the conclusion can be drawn that…归纳总结关系

英语高级衔接词汇

1. 表示起始关系first of all, to begin with, above all, according to, as you know, as is known, etc.As we all know, good learning habits lead to efficient study.According to a research, the total number is reduced to less than 1,000 now.2. 表示时间顺序first, then, later, in the end, finally, at last, after that, afterwards, since then, at the same time, suddenly, immediately, right now/ away, at once, from then on, from now on, etc.At the same time, we enjoyed the beauty of nature.3. 表示并列关系and, or, also, as well as, either… or, neither… nor, not only… but also…, not… but…, etc.I think we will have a good time there and I will send you the photos taken there.Also, do let me know if you need more information.4. 表示转折关系but, yet, however, while, on the contrary, etc.However, not until the match was over did we realize that we became the loser.5. 表示因果关系because, as, since, for, thanks to, due to, as a result, so, therefore, etc.Therefore, there is no reason for us to look down upon ordinary jobs.As a result, children become so dependent on their parents that they have no independent thought. 6. 表示条件关系if, unless, as long as, so long as, in case, in case of, etc.I would be very grateful if you can meet him at the airport.As long as we stick to our dreams, we will become a winner sooner or later.7. 表示递进关系what’s more, moreover, besides, worse still, to make matters worse, still less, for one thing… for another, on the one hand… on the other hand, etc.Many of them can hardly look after themselves, still less manage their own life.For one thing, I can earn some money to help my parents. For another, I can gain some experience.8. 表示列举such as, for example, for instance, take… for example, that is to say, as follows, in other words, etc.They are of different shapes, such as diamonds, butterflies and flowers.Teachers will organize some English activities, for instance, English debates and English speech contests so as to help students arouse their interest in English.9. 表示观点in my opinion, in my view, in my point of view, personally, as for me, as far as I am concerned, etc.As far as I am concerned, they stand for love, friendship and unity.10. 表示总结in short, in brief, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, all in all, in general, generally speaking, on the whole, etc.In a word, success is important, and so is failure, because it’s the mother of success.All in all, traveling is the best choice to recharge ourselves and get ready for the new challenges.

英语作文里面的衔接跟过度词语主要就是有以下这些词语。

在词语方面相关应用的话就是therefore。Therefore主要表达的就是因此,并且在解释原因或者是接下来的内容的时候,就可以用therefore这个词语,然后相关的短语就有in conclusion。在这个词语的话,就是总之最后这样子的一个意思,可以放在最后的总结里面。

然后除了这一个词语和一个短语之外,还有就是To Begin with。这个短语的话主要就是用在文章的段落,其实这样子的一个位置,也可以作为一个段落衔接的作用,并且在最开始的时候就可以用到。

然后在最开始可以用到的短语,还有first of all。以及in the first place然后最后总结的一个短语,还有就是generally speaking。这是总体上来讲的一个意思,所以说英语作文中的衔接跟过度词语主要就是有这些。

一般常用的first of all或者用副词形式firstly,其次可以用in addition,最后一般用last but not the least。

可以按照段落,记忆标识词:第一部分:currently, nowadays。第二部分:first things first, secondly, then, however, as a result because, moreover, in additipn等。结尾:Therefore, so, all in all, to sum up。

衔接词汇英语总结

英语衔接词汇、过渡词汇:

一、表逻辑上的先后顺序(expressions enumerating or stressing facts)

1、首先first,firstly,in the first place,in the first instance,to begin with

2、其次secondly,in the second place

3、最后,最重要的是at last,finally,last,lastly,most importantly

4、最后但并非最不重要的(一点)是,最后要说的是last but not least

二、表递进关系(addition expressions)

1、 (副词)也;而且,还also,too,besides

2、 (并列连接词)而且and

3、此外in addition to,apart from

4、此外furthermore,what’s more

5、不仅……而且……not only…but also…

6、既……又……,也both…and…,as well as

三、表转折或比较关系(expressions of contrast or comparison)

1、 (并列连接词)但是but

2、 (副词)然而(and、yet,while,whereas

3、 (副词)然而nevertheless,however

4、 (从属连接词)尽管,虽然though,although

5、相反,正相反,恰恰相反to the contrary,on the contrary,quite the contrary

6、与……形成对比,与……截然不同in contrast with/to

7、相反(but、rather

8、反而,代替,而不是instead,instead of

9、毕竟after all

10、同样地equally,likewise,similarly

英语作文里面的衔接跟过度词语主要就是有以下这些词语。

在词语方面相关应用的话就是therefore。Therefore主要表达的就是因此,并且在解释原因或者是接下来的内容的时候,就可以用therefore这个词语,然后相关的短语就有in conclusion。在这个词语的话,就是总之最后这样子的一个意思,可以放在最后的总结里面。

然后除了这一个词语和一个短语之外,还有就是To Begin with。这个短语的话主要就是用在文章的段落,其实这样子的一个位置,也可以作为一个段落衔接的作用,并且在最开始的时候就可以用到。

然后在最开始可以用到的短语,还有first of all。以及in the first place然后最后总结的一个短语,还有就是generally speaking。这是总体上来讲的一个意思,所以说英语作文中的衔接跟过度词语主要就是有这些。

英语衔接词汇、过渡词汇有以下:

一、表逻辑上的先后顺序

(expressions enumerating or stressing facts)

1) 首先first,firstly,in the first place,in the first instance,to begin with

2) 其次secondly,in the second place

3) 最后,最重要的是at last,finally,last,lastly,most importantly

4) 最后但并非最不重要的(一点)是,最后要说的是last but not least

二、表递进关系

(addition expressions)

1) (副词)也;而且,还also,too,besides

2) (并列连接词)而且and

3) 此外in addition to,apart from

4) 此外furthermore,what’s more

5) 不仅……而且……not only…but also…

6) 既……又……,也both…and…,as well as

三、表转折或比较关系

(expressions of contrast or comparison)

1) (并列连接词)但是but

2) (副词)然而(and)yet,while,whereas

3) (副词)然而nevertheless,however

4) (从属连接词)尽管,虽然though,although

5) 相反,正相反,恰恰相反to the contrary,on the contrary,quite the contrary

6) 与……形成对比,与……截然不同in contrast with/to

7) 相反(but)rather

8) 反而,代替,而不是instead,instead of

9) 毕竟after all

10) 同样地equally,likewise,similarly

四、表例证关系

(exemplification expressions)

1) 也就是说namely,that is,that is to say

2) 例如for example,for instance

3) 举例来说to illustrate

4) 例如such as

5) 以……为例(来说)take…as an example

五、表因果关系

(cause and effect expressions)

1) (后接表原因的从句)因为because

2) (后接表原因的并列分句)因为for

3) 因为……because of…,,owing to…,on account of…

4) 因为这个那个,这些那些原因for this(that,these,those)reason(s)

5) (从句1)为了……in order that

6) (副词)因此,所以thus,hence,therefore

7) 那么then

8) 结果(是)as a result;so that(后接表结果的从句)

9) 因此,结果(是)consequently

10) 因此,相应地(就)accordingly

六、表观点

(viewpoint expressions)

1) 在我看来in my opinion,in my view

2) 我本人认为,我个人的看法是personally,as far as Im concerned

3) 我认为I think(that从句),as a rule

4) 一般来说generally(speaking),in general

5) 坦率地说frankly speaking,to be frank

七、表强调

(expressions stressing facts or adding force)

1) 显而易见obviously,apparently,clearly,certainly

2) 肯定地,当然surely,to be sure,of course

3) 事实上,实际上,真正地actually,as a matter of fact,indeed

4) 自然地naturally

5) 毫无疑问no doubt,undoubtedly

八、表时间关系

(expressions of time references)

1) 首先first

2) 起初at first

3) 然后,后来,在那之后,随后then,later,after that,afterwards,consequently

4) 同时,与此同时at the same time,in the meantime,meanwhile

5) 最后finally,at last

6) 最终,最后eventually,ultimately

7) 就在那以后(不久)just then,shortly after that,immediately after that

8) 不久,很快before long,soon

9) 从那以后from then on

10) 从现在起from now on

11) 暂时,暂且for the time being

12) 在以后/未来的日子里in the days to come

13) 在下星期/月in the coming week/month

九、表空间位置

(space expressions)

1) 在……的左/右边on the left/right of...

2) 在……(的)旁边besides…

3) 在……的前边in front of

4) 在……(内部的)前面in the front of

5) 在……的`顶部at the top of

6) 在……的底部at the bottom of

7) 在……里面;在室内inside…,indoors

8) 在……外面;在室外outside,outdoors

9) 在附近nearby

10) 在……附近,在……隔壁,靠近……next to

十、表总结

(summary expressions)

1) 简而言之allin all,in brief,in short

2) 总的说来,总之in conclusion,to sum up,to conclude,to summarize

3) 总之,一句话in a word,in one word

4) 长话短说,简而言之to make/cut a long story short

5) 最后(要讲的是)finally,ultimately

6) 从根本上来讲essentially

英语文章及结尾常用过渡词

A. 文章及段落起始过渡词语

1. To begin with

2. Generally speaking

3. First of all

4. In the first place

B. 文章及结尾常用的过渡词语

1. Therefore

2. Thus

3. This way

4. In conclusion

5. To sum up

6. In a word

7. In brief

8. As a matter of fact

C. 常见的表示先后顺序的过渡词语

1. First,… Second, … Next, … Finally, …

2. Afterwards, …

3. Meanwhile, …

4. Then, …

5. Firstly,… Secondly, … Eventually, …

6. At last

7. Immediately

8. suddenly

9. soon

D. 常见的对称关系的过渡词语

1. For one thing, … for another thing, …

2.On one hand, … on the other hand, …

E. 常见的表示因果关系的过渡词语

1. For this reason

2. As a result

3. because of

4. Due to

5. Thanks to

6. Thus

7. In this way

8. Accordingly

9. Therefore

一、表逻辑上的先后顺序(expressions enumerating or stressing facts)

1) 首先first,firstly,in the first place,in the first instance,to begin with

2) 其次secondly,in the second place

3) 最后,最重要的是at last,finally,last,lastly,most importantly

4) 最后但并非最不重要的(一点)是,最后要说的是last but not least

二、表递进关系(addition expressions)

1) (副词)也;而且,还also,too,besides

2) (并列连接词)而且and

3) 此外in addition to,apart from

4) 此外furthermore,what’s more

5) 不仅……而且……not only…but also…

6) 既……又……,也both…and…,as well as

三、表转折或比较关系(expressions of contrast or comparison)

1) (并列连接词)但是but

2) (副词)然而(and)yet,while,whereas

3) (副词)然而nevertheless,however

4) (从属连接词)尽管,虽然though,although

5) 相反,正相反,恰恰相反to the contrary,on the contrary,quite the contrary

6) 与……形成对比,与……截然不同in contrast with/to

7) 相反(but)rather

8) 反而,代替,而不是instead,instead of

9) 毕竟after all

10) 同样地equally,likewise,similarly

四、表例证关系(exemplification expressions)

1) 也就是说namely,that is,that is to say

2) 例如for example,for instance

3) 举例来说to illustrate

4) 例如such as

5) 以……为例(来说)take…as an example

五、表因果关系(cause and effect expressions)

1) (后接表原因的从句)因为because

2) (后接表原因的并列分句)因为for

3) 因为……because of…,,owing to…,on account of…

4) 因为这个那个,这些那些原因for this(that,these,those)reason(s)

5) (从句1)为了……in order that

6) (副词)因此,所以thus,hence,therefore

7) 那么then

8) 结果(是)as a result;so that(后接表结果的从句)

9) 因此,结果(是)consequently

10) 因此,相应地(就)accordingly

六、表观点(viewpoint expressions)

1) 在我看来in my opinion,in my view

2) 我本人认为,我个人的看法是personally,as far as I'm concerned

3) 我认为I think(that从句),as a rule

4) 一般来说generally(speaking),in general

5) 坦率地说frankly speaking,to be frank

七、表强调(expressions stressing facts or adding force)

1) 显而易见obviously,apparently,clearly,certainly

2) 肯定地,当然surely,to be sure,of course

3) 事实上,实际上,真正地actually,as a matter of fact,indeed

4) 自然地naturally

5) 毫无疑问no doubt,undoubtedly

八、表时间关系(expressions of time references)

1) 首先first

2) 起初at first

3) 然后,后来,在那之后,随后then,later,after that,afterwards,consequently

4) 同时,与此同时at the same time,in the meantime,meanwhile

5) 最后finally,at last

6) 最终,最后eventually,ultimately

7) 就在那以后(不久)just then,shortly after that,immediately after that

8) 不久,很快before long,soon

9) 从那以后from then on

10) 从现在起from now on

11) 暂时,暂且for the time being

12) 在以后/未来的日子里in the days to come

13) 在下星期/月in the coming week/month

九、表空间位置(space expressions)

1) 在……的左/右边on the left/right of...

2) 在……(的)旁边besides…

3) 在……的前边in front of

4) 在……(内部的)前面in the front of

5) 在……的顶部at the top of

6) 在……的底部at the bottom of

7) 在……里面;在室内inside…,indoors

8) 在……外面;在室外outside,outdoors

9) 在附近nearby

10) 在……附近,在……隔壁,靠近……next to

十、表总结(summary expressions)

1) 简而言之allin all,in brief,in short

2) 总的说来,总之in conclusion,to sum up,to conclude,to summarize

3) 总之,一句话in a word,in one word

4) 长话短说,简而言之to make/cut a long story short

5) 最后(要讲的是)finally,ultimately

6) 从根本上来讲essentially

1.表文章结构顺序

First of all,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second…,And then,Finally,In the end,At last

2.表并列补充关系

What is more,Besides,Moreover

3.表因果关系

Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,As a result

4.表换一种方式表达

In other words,That is to say

5.表进行举例说明

For example+句子,For instance+句子,such as+n/doing

6.表陈述事实

In fact,as a matter of fact

7.表达自己观点

As far as I know,In my opinion

8.表总结

In short(总之), In a word(总之)

furthermore 此外;而且

in addition 此外;而且

in other words 换句话说

not…but… 不是……而是……

rather than… 而不是

whether…or not 无论是否......

in contrast 相反;大不相同

in contrast to 与……形成对照

in the same way 同样地

though/although 尽管 no doubt 无疑地

in/by contrast 对比之下 on the contrary 相反地

even though即使 otherwise 否则

still 仍然 unfortunately 不幸地

in fact 事实上 unlike 不像……;和……不同

as a matter of fact 事实上 yet仍;然而;但是

especially 特别地

根据意思和作用的不同,过渡词可以分为以下十五类:

(1)表并列关系的过渡词: and, also, as well, as well as, or, too, not only…but also, both … and, either … or, neither…nor

(2)表递进关系的过渡词: besides, in addition(加之,除……之外), moreover(此外,而且), what’s more, what’s worse

(3)表转折对比的过渡词: but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, here…there, years ago…today, this…that, the former…the latter, then…now, the first… whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand…on the other hand, some…others

(4)表原因的过渡词: because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, due to(由于)

(5)表结果的过渡词: so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that, then, thereby, hence, so…that, such…that

(6)表条件的过渡词: if, unless, on condition that, as/so long as

(7)表时间的过渡词: when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning / year / century, after a while, in a few days, now, presently, finally, at last, all of a sudden, from now on, at present, immediately, the moment

(8)表特定的顺序关系的过渡词: first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, then, next, finally, in the end, at last, afterward(s)(后来), meanwhile(几乎同时), thereafter(在那以后), last, finally, eventually(终于)

(9)表换一种方式表达的过渡词: in other words, that is to say, to put it another way

(10)表进行举例说明的`过渡词: for instance, for example, like, such as

(11)表陈述事实的过渡词: in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth

(12)表强调的过渡词: certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important, in fact, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously

(13)表比较的过渡词: like, unlike, in the same way, similarly, similar to

(14)表目的的过渡词: for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to

(15)表总结的过渡词: in a word(总之,简言言之), in general, in short(总之), above all, after all, generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary

文章及段落起始常用的过渡词语

to begin with首先

【例】To begin with, smoking should be banned in public areas.

generally speaking 总体上讲

【例】Generally speaking, the more you practice, the more skillfully you can

write in English.

first of all 第一,首先

【例】First of all, many people in remote areas still live in poverty.

in the first place 首先

【例】In the first place, she can read at the rate of 100 words aminute.

文章及段落结尾常用的过渡词语

therefore, thus因此

【例】Thus, taking morning exercises regularly may reduce the chances of

getting sick.

in conclusion 最后

【例】In conclusion, universities should give larger amount of money to

libraries.

in brief, in a nutshell 简言之

【例】In brief, birth control is of vital importance in China.

to sum up 总而言之

【例】To sum up, out of sight, out of mind.

in a word 总之

【例】In a word, country life is more beneficial than city life.

常用表示先后次序的过渡词语

first 第一 second 第二 next 其次,然后 eventually 最后,最终 since then 自此以后

afterward 以后,随后 meanwhile 同时 therefore 因而 immediately 立刻 finally 最后,最终

【例】Finally, the country must not again go through the war.

常用表示因果关系的过渡词语

accordingly于是 for this reason由于这个原因 as a result of由……结果

in this way这样 consequently结果,因此 due to由于……

therefore因而 because of因为 thus这样

【例】It rained, for this reason, the game was cancelled.

常用表示比较和对比的过渡词语

in contrast with和……成对照 similarly同样 whereas然而 on the contrary相反

different from与……不同 likewise同样 equally important同样重要 on the other

hand另一方面

【例】Different from Jane, Mary is interested in Maths.

常用表示举例的过渡词语

a case in point恰当的例子 for example举例 namely( that is )即,这就是说 for

instance举例

【例】A case in point is the water control project along the Yangtze

River.

有关描写图表的过渡词语

during this time在此期间

【例】During this time, more women took various jobs.

apart from除了……之外

【例】Apart from the figures, the information below the table also suggests

the growth of production.

compared with与……相比较

【例】Compared with the percentage of the base year, it jumped by 15

percent.

from the above table/ chart/ graph根据上图(表)所示

【例】From the above chart, it can be seen that changes do occur in the

society.

常用表示强调的过渡词语

furthermore此外 moreover而且 besides此外 in fact实际上 also而且,也 indeed的确

again另外,还 in particular尤其,特别 naturally当然,自然,必然

【例】Naturally, he denied that he had committed the crime.

逻辑连接词语

second, last but not the least, seeing…先后次序关系

so…, as a result of this, consequently, in consequence原因、结果关系

even though, though, regardless of转折关系

also, as well as, either…or…并列关系

not only…but also…, in order to do it…, accordingly递进关系

when in fact…, similarly, compared with比较关系

on the contrary, contrary to, conversely对比关系

as he explains, like, put it simply, for one thing…for another…举例关系

particularly, to be true, other things being equal强调关系

if so, if possible, provide that条件关系

in brief, in short, the conclusion can be drawn that…归纳总结关系

本站涵盖的内容、图片、视频等数据,部分未能与原作者取得联系。若涉及版权问题,请及时通知我们并提供相关证明材料,我们将及时予以删除!谢谢大家的理解与支持!

Copyright © 2023